Maureen Cummins ~ New York

Anatomy of Insanity
By Maureen Cummins
High Falls, New York: Maureen Cummins, 2008. Edition of 30.

8.5 x 12"; 50 pages.

Maureen Cummins: "Anatomy of Insanity documents the gendered beliefs about insanity that existed in the nineteenth century and which inform our attitudes about men, women, and mental health to this day (e.g., the common use of the word ‘hysterical’ to describe women, a word whose root meaning is ‘womb’).

The book was inspired by and based upon hundreds of patient records that the artist examined in the archive of McLean Hospital. (Founded in 1818, McLean was renowned as one of the first, and most progressive mental hospitals built in this country; more recently it has become known for the number of brilliant artists who became-to use their own words-‘graduates’: Sylvia Plath, Robert Lowell, Ray Charles, and Susanna Kaysen, among others.) These handwritten records, contained in oversized, white linen-bound books, revealed a disturbing pattern: while the causal explanations given for the insanity of the male patients were widely diverse-diseases of the body or brain, love matters, domestic strife, the death of a loved one, professional stress, business failure, masturbation, etc.-the majority of causal explanations given for the female patients were rooted in the female body: "lactation," "abortion," "parturition and lactation," "suppression of menses," "amenorrhea," "hysteria," "critical time of life," "old maidism," etc.

“In Anatomy of Insanity, the artist re-presents medical data in a playful way, using humor to draw her readers in to material that is dark and disturbing, inviting them to examine the underlying assumption behind these diagnoses: that while men went crazy for a variety of reasons, women went crazy because they were women."
$1,250

Divide & Conquer
By Maureen Cummins
Women's Studio Workshop, 2007. Edition of 40.

This limited-edition print project, Divide & Conquer, was designed by Maureen Cummins with typographic assistance by Kathleen McMillan. Production was funded by the Experimental Printmaking Institute at Lafayette College, with additional support from the Friends of Skillman Library. All editioning was completed on site at EPI by Jase Clark. To produce the printed pieces, multiple layers of text and imagery were hand silkscreened onto sheets of Arches Cover, then hand-colored. The images used for the prints are period photographs and engravings collected by the artist. Many of the portraits are reproduced here by kind permission of the New York Historical Society & the Schomburg Center For Research in Black Culture. The portfolios that house the prints were produced by Portfolio Box of Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

Colophon: "The text of this project is excerpted from a manuscript that the artist discovered while in residency at the American Antiquarian Society in the fall of 2000. The handwritten pages, which numbered over three hundred in length, comprised the transcript for a series of congressional hearings held in 1871. The purpose of the hearings was to gain information about the activities of the group known at that time as the Ku Klux, a widespread organization that was responsible for a virtual reign of terror throughout the south in the decades following the civil war. The transcripts bear witness not only to the horrific acts of the KK, but also to the way in which they divided a community along racial lines by targeting anyone who resisted their vision of racial separation and white supremacy.

The physical form of this project is based on the Exquisite Corpse – a literary game invented in the early twentieth century by the surrealists. In the game, each player took a turn writing on a piece of paper, then folded it so that only the last word would show, and passed it on to the next player for his or her contribution. The game was later adapted to drawing and collage."

Maureen Cummins: "My current project, Divide and Conquer, makes use of the early history of the Klan - referred to at the time as the Ku Klux – as a way to explore ideas about race, class, identity and human relationships.

The physical form of the prints - inspired by the Exquisite Corpse, a game invented by the Surrealists – gives the reader/viewer the power to align and combine the printed elements in a variety of different and thought-provoking ways. I also draw upon the visual language of toys and games (the figures in my prints are meant to resemble paper dolls) to illustrate the way in which individuals were objectified and communities torn apart, divided or destroyed by the Ku Klux.

Simultaneously I celebrate the lives of those individuals who, by simple acts of humanity, defied the KK's vision of racial separation and white supremacy, then later had the courage to collectively tell their stories, redefining what community could be. I have used imagery reminiscent of halos and crowns to surround these figures, who for me are like modern-day saints or martyrs."
$1,500

The Flag Project
By Maureen Cummins
New York: 2006. Edition of 50.

11 x 14.75 x 1.5" bound in black cloth. Each verso page contains two columns of letterpress printed text; every facing page is illustrated with a reproduction of one of the original silkscreen flag prints. The typeface used was Gill Sans, set in monotype by Michael Bixler at his letter foundry in Skaneateles, NY. All text and titling was letterpress printed onto sheets of Somerset Velvet by Michael Russem of Kat Ran Press. The images are Epson prints, reproduced from original screenprints by Joseph Ng of Basic Pictures. Mark Tomlinson designed the binding structure and bound the edition.

In commemoration of the fifth anniversary of September 11th, 2001, "The Flag Project" is a visual and textual narrative that documents the artist's experience as an American during the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks.

Prospectus: "Cummins visually deconstructs the American flag - altering and mutating the national symbol to reinforce themes within her narrative. Stripes become lines of text; fields of stars are replaced with flames, fingerprints, human eyes, faces. The flag changes color, and orientation, and metamorphoses into other contemporary icons and motifs: a skull-and-cross bones, a fallout shelter symbol, a white flag of surrender."

Maureen Cummins: "The Flag Project came out of a critical time in my own life, and a time of crisis in the life of my country. It was borne of personal change, and has led to a new approach to my work, one in which I address issues directly rather than through the lens of history. Although in The Flag Project I touch upon themes that run throughout my work—the history of violence in America, the experience of marginalized groups, the conflict between individual and society, appearance versus reality—I have departed from my usual objective perspective and have developed this piece from an entirely personal perspective. I developed The Flag Project as a vehicle for exploration, a way to investigate the confused and often conflicted feelings I was having about myself and my own changing identity as a new mother, as well as my sense of myself as an American during a time of rising nationalism. I wanted to challenge representations being put forth by the media and the current administration of what it is to be an American, what American values, experiences and attitudes are. Not only did these words and images not reflect my own experience or reality, but I also questioned whether they truly represented anyone, if it was even possible in a country as diverse as the United States to have a national identity. It seemed to me that a personal memoir was the simplest and most powerful weapon that I, as an artist, could use in the face of rampant myths and stereotypes. Through memoir I hope to make the personal political."

Far Rockaway
By Maureen Cummins
2005. Edition of 1200.

This latest work from Maureen Cummins documents via love letters the flourishing gay culture that existed in New York before the world wars as well as a star-crossed love affair between two spirited young men—Jules and Ben. Cummins discovered the love letters in a shoebox at a flea market.

The two men met during the spring of 1906 when Jules became director of the high school's Dramatic Association of which Ben was a member. From the start of their affair, Jules and Ben were separated not only by age but also by class and temperament. The school teacher was 28 years old, middle-class, and longing for a love that would "defy the world and death itself." Ben was from a wealthy aristocratic background and was a party-goer with an active sex life— with both male and female partners. The letters record arrangements the two made to meet clandestinely at Far Rockaway and other fashionable resort areas.

Ultimately they went their different ways and both ended in traditional marriages.

Cummins has used pseudonyms for the letter writers. The executrix of Jules' estate gave permission to use the letters but with the stipulation that the "real" names of the two men should not be revealed.

Published in a deluxe edition of 300 and standard of 900. The deluxe edition comes in a cloth covered box with an separate set of reproduced letters.
Deluxe edition $800

CURRENT EVENTS II / Titanic
By Maureen Cummins
2004. Produced at the Women’s Studio Workshop.

Twenty copies of the Wall Street Journal were overprinted with six silkscreen runs. Each copy is 48 pages, contains 25 eyewitness accounts. Current Events II / Titanic is the second in a series of altered newspapers produced by Maureen Cummins. The piece pairs eyewitness accounts with graphic images of a sinking ship in silhouette. Advertisements, headlines, and stock listings can be read through deeply saturated fields of midnight blue sky and seascape. Layers of time and meaning intersect spontaneously to create a palimpsest of poetic and political associations.

On April 10, 1912 the greatest ship ever built, the Titanic, was launched on her maiden voyage. No cost had been spared in her construction or in the outfitting of her opulent compartments. For the millionaires, captains-of-industry and honeymoon couples who sailed with her, the Titanic promised the ultimate in luxury, status and social privilege. As she sailed across the Atlantic, the Titanic carried with her the dreams and aspirations of the civilized world. She was the very embodiment of the most cherished beliefs of her age – a limitless faith in science, technological progress, and man’s ability to prevail over brute nature. In publicity material from the time, the Titanic was described as the greatest achievement of the Anglo-Saxon race. Her owners, The White Star Line, declared her to be "unsinkable."

Five days later, on April 15, 1912 at 11:45 p.m., the Titanic grazed an iceberg in the North Atlantic and was fatally pierced through her starboard side. When she sank, two and a half hours later, 1,513 lives were lost with her. Her fate, and the succession of human errors that sealed it, shocked the world. The Titanic had not been equipped with a searchlight. The number of lifeboats on board was grossly inadequate. Her crew had never been drilled in how to lower and launch the boats. Her distress signals were seen by a nearby ship, but dismissed as being too improbable. The Titanic, a ship that had been built as a monument to man’s power and supremacy, came to be synonymous with human folly and mortality.

Current Events II / Titanic retells the story of the Titanic’s last hours from the perspective of the ship’s survivors. Drawing upon original memoirs published shortly after the disaster, the artist weaves together a chorus of voices to create a narrative reminiscent of Greek tragedy. Like the mythic ship herself, each statement of disbelief and denial looms larger than life, reverberating through time and resonating with the reader’s own personal experience and political world. Current Events II / Titanic seeks to capture the greater significance of the Titanic disaster – an event that haunts our consciousness not because it is a nightmare catastrophe from another time, but because it is our own waking reality.
$1,500

Ghost Diary
By Maureen Cummins
2002. Edition of 25.

5 x 7 x 3”; 22 pages. Concertina structure. Pages constructed from vintage glass negatives. Brass hinges. Housed in black box. Titling on the spine.

Here again Cummins has done some heavy historical research initiated by the discovery of a letter written in 1807 by Colonel Jonathan Rhea, a former Revolutionary War officer. It was edited to form the text of Ghost Diary, a unique document of American History that has not been published heretofore.

The letter, in the form of a memoir, was written to Colonel Rhea's five children on the anniversary of their mother's death. Rhea's ancestors were some of the first settlers of New Jersey.

This artists book is constructed of glass panes hinged together to form a concertina structure. The image pages are vintage glass negatives, portraits of anonymous individuals and family groupings; dating from the late 19th century. These photographs are haunting and serve to visually complement the book. The delicate brass hinges that secure the pages have a slate gray patina to match the glass negatives. The sheer physical weight of this book attests to its importance.
$1800

Femme Fatales
By Maureen Cummins
2001. Edition of 50.

7 x 10 inches; 40 pages. The book replicates the style and appearance of a nineteenth-century photo album. The pages are black with die-cut openings for the photographs and gold borders surrounding the images. Borders and titles are letterpress-printed, and the entire text block is edge-gilded in the Victorian style. Images are color Xerographed reproductions of found vintage photographs and postcards, including Victorian cabinet cards, erotic French postcards from the teens and twenties, and pinup postcards from the 1940s. Bound in faux leather with decorative blind-tooling and the word "Album" gold-stamped on the cover.

Cummins explores the modern conflation of sex and violence and the distortion of the feminine in the popular imagination. The book draws the reader in with a succession of seductive photographs of femmes fatales, women of mystery, drama and dangerous beauty. As one progresses through the pages, it becomes apparent that the titles accompanying the images ( i.e., The Scottish Maiden, The Widow, The Duke of Exeter's Daughter, Red Hannah, Yellow Mama, The Bride of Nuremberg, Dame Guillotine) only seem to describe the women depicted. They are in fact a catalog of nicknames for torture and execution devices employed from Roman times to the present.

Maureen Cummins, The Bonefolder Spring 2008: "...The impetus for the project came after I had finished 'Stocks and Bonds' and still found myself troubled by a pattern that had emerged during my research: whenever an instrument of torture was given a nickname, it was unmistakably feminine. I mulled over this disturbing fact for a year or so time before producing a re-invented Victorian photo album in which I paired the nicknames of historical torture devices .. with photographs of beautiful, seductive, and dangerous-looking women. The images, which took me two years to collect and include erotic postcards, vintage snapshots, and Victorian cabinet cards, seem perfectly suited to the names that they're paired with: it is only in the final pages of the book, when the nicknames are listed along with their dark histories, is the secret revealed."
$1,200 (Last Copy!)

Aureole to Zingaresca
An Exotic Alphabet Book
By Maureen Cummins
New York: Center for Book Arts, 1994. Edition of 50.

8.5 x 12.5"; 24 pages. Loose cover wrappers unfold outward to display whole title. Printed in multicolors on thick hand-made papers with woodblocks and wood-type initial caps. Type set in Century Schoolbook. Hand-sewn binding with paper wrapper. Designed, printed, and illustrated by Maureen Cummins.

Letterpress dictionary of unusual words, with color woodcut illustrations.

"kalopsia - condition in which things appear more beautiful than they really are."
"paphian - illicitly erotic."
"spoony - foolishly amorous."
$ 500 (Last copy)